Kwabaninzi emva kweminyaka engama-80 kunye nasemva kweminyaka engama-90, iibhaluni ze-hydrogen zaziyimfuneko.Ngoku, ukumila kweebhaluni ze-hydrogen akusaphelelanga kwiipateni zeekhathuni.Kukwakho neebhaluni ezininzi ezibomvu ezikhanyayo ezihonjiswe ngezibane, ezithandwa lulutsha oluninzi.
Nangona kunjalo, iibhaluni zehydrogen ziyingozi kakhulu.Yakube i-hydrogen isemoyeni kwaye ikhuhla nezinye izinto ukuvelisa umbane ongatshintshiyo, okanye idibane namadangatye avulekileyo, kulula ukuyidubula.Ngo-2017, kwaxelwa ukuba abantu abancinci abane e-Nanjing bathenge iibhaluni ezibomvu ze-intanethi ezithandathu, kodwa omnye wabo ngengozi watshiza iintlantsi kwiibhaluni ngelixa etshaya.Ngenxa yoko, iibhaloni ezintandathu zaqhushumba enye emva kwenye, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba abantu abaliqela batshiswe kanobom.Ababini kubo babenamadyungudyungu ezandleni, kwaye ukutsha kobuso kwafikelela kwiBanga lesi-II.
Ukhuseleko, olunye uhlobo lwe "helium balloon" luvele kwimarike.Akulula ukugqabhuka nokutshisa, kwaye ikhuselekile kunebhaluni yehidrojeni.
Kutheni usebenzisa iibhaluni ze-helium
Masiqale siqonde ukuba kutheni i-helium inokwenza iibhaluni zibhabha.
Iigesi eziqhelekileyo zokuzalisa kwiibhaluni yi-hydrogen kunye ne-helium.Ngenxa yokuba ubuninzi bezi gesi zimbini bungaphantsi kunomoya, ubuninzi be-hydrogen yi-0.09kg/m3, ubuninzi be-helium yi-0.18kg/m3, kwaye ubuninzi bomoya yi-1.29kg/m3.Ke ngoko, xa ezi zintathu zidibana, umoya oshinyeneyo uya kuziphakamisa ngobunono, kwaye ibhaluni iya kudada ukuya phezulu ngokuqhubekayo ngokuxhomekeke ekunyakazeni kwayo.
Enyanisweni, kukho iigesi ezininzi ezinoxinano oluphantsi kunomoya, ezifana ne-ammonia enoxinano lwe-0.77kg/m3.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ivumba le-ammonia licaphukisa kakhulu, liyakwazi ukubhengezwa kwi-mucosa yesikhumba kunye ne-conjunctiva, ebangela ukucaphuka kunye nokuvutha.Ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, i-ammonia ayinakuzaliswa kwibhaluni.
I-Helium ayiphelelanga nje ekuxinaniseni, kodwa ikwanzima ukutshisa, ngoko ibe yeyona nto ithatha indawo ye-hydrogen.
I-Helium ingasetyenziselwa kuphela, kodwa ngokubanzi.
I-Helium isetyenziswa ngokubanzi
Ukuba ucinga ukuba i-helium ingasetyenziselwa kuphela ukuzalisa iibhaluni, awulungile.Enyanisweni, i-helium inokungaphezulu kwezi ziphumo kuthi.Nangona kunjalo, i-helium ayinamsebenzi.Ibaluleke kakhulu kushishino lomkhosi, uphando lwezenzululwazi, ishishini kunye nezinye iinkalo ezininzi.
Xa i-smelting kunye ne-welding metal, i-helium inokwahlula i-oksijini, ngoko ingasetyenziselwa ukudala indawo ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela ukusabela kweekhemikhali phakathi kwezinto kunye ne-oxygen.
Ukongeza, i-helium inendawo yokubilisa ephantsi kakhulu kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njengefriji.Iheliyam yolwelo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengendawo yokupholisa kunye nearhente yokucoca kwiireactor zeathom.Kwangaxeshanye, inokusetyenziswa njenge-booster kunye ne-booster ye-rocket fuel engamanzi.Ngokomyinge, i-NASA isebenzisa amakhulu ezigidi ze-cubic feet ze-helium minyaka yonke kuphando lwezenzululwazi.
I-Helium ikwasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zobomi bethu.Umzekelo, iinqwelomoya nazo ziya kuzaliswa ngehelium.Nangona ingxinano ye-helium iphezulu kancinane kune-hydrogen, amandla okuphakamisa iibhaluni ezizaliswe yi-helium kunye neenqanawa zomoya yi-93% yeebhaluni ze-hydrogen kunye neenqwelo-moya ezinomthamo ofanayo, kwaye akukho mahluko ungako.
Ngaphezu koko, iinqwelomoya ezizaliswe yi-helium kunye neebhaluni azikwazi ukubamba umlilo okanye ziqhume, kwaye zikhuseleke kakhulu kune-hydrogen.Ngowe-1915, iJamani yaqala ukusebenzisa i-helium njengegesi yokugcwalisa iinqwelomoya.Ukuba i-helium ayikho, iibhaluni ezikhalayo kunye neziphekepheke ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa imozulu zisenokungakwazi ukunyuka emoyeni ukuze zisebenze.
Ukongeza, i-helium ingasetyenziselwa kwiisuti zokuntywila, izibane ze-neon, izikhombisi zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nezinye izinto, kunye nakwiingxowa ezininzi zokupakisha zeetshiphusi ezithengiswa kwimarike, ekwaqulethe ixabiso elincinci le-helium.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-09-2020